Wood-cutting tool



r I. HANSON.

Wood-Cutting T001.

No. 225,474. Patented Mar. 16,1880.

Witnesses. am Inventor.

N.PEI'ER5, PHOTO-UTMOGMPHER. WASHINGTON 0. C4

" Nrren TATES' Fries.

\ATENT FREEMAN HANSON, OF HOLLIS, ASSIGNOR OF FOUR-FIFTHS OF HIS RIGHT TO DANIEL H. BACON,

OF PORTLAND, MAINE.

WOOD-CUTTING TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 225,474, dated March 16, 1880. Application filed January 3, 1880.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FREEMAN HANSON, of Hollis, in the county of York and State ofMaine, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Tools for Cutting Wood into Different Shapes, of whichthe following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a tool for cutting wood by machinery into but tons, blocks, ovals, or any other desired shape of regular or irregular surface, and with curved, scalloped, or pointed edges.

My improved tool maybe used in any wood turning or scalloping machine which has a I 5 rotating knife, and is shown in the drawings which accompany this specification.

Figure 1' is a front elevation. Fig. 2 is a side View. Fig. 3 is an end view. Fig. 4. is a linear section at the line so a: of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 shows the tool at work.

The same letters refer to similar the different figures. l

A is theshank or body, and B is the head of the tool. This head is made by twisting z 5 the metal, when soft, round to a right angle with the shank A, and is provided with the cutting-lip a, knife-edge g, and two cuttingplates of different lengths, b and 0, between which runs the groove d. This groove extends 0 from the rear edge of the tool to the extreme forward edge of the cutting-lip a, an d is curved like the arc of a circle, thus making the bottom of the groove at the forward edge of the cutting-lip a somewhat lower and at the rear 3 5 edge of the tool somewhat higher than at the middle of the tool. The character of this curve is shown in Fig. 4, and serves to prevent too great a tearing of the wood in cutting.

The longer cutting-plate c has a double row of cutting points or teeth, 0 6, upon its upper edge, and between these rows runs the channel f, Fig. 1, through which the wood cut away by the teeth can escape without clogging them. The teeth on the outer side of this cutting-plate 5 0- 3. 0., the side farthest from the wood to be cut-are somewhat larger and higher than those on the inner side of the plate. This prevents parts in the oval breaking off before wholly'cut away and carrying with it a rough projection whlch would have to be cut off by hand.

This cutting-plate c has upon its forward edge the knife-edge g, and is also provided with the notch 11, which is designed to make the knife-edge 9 cut smoothly when entering the wood. To accomplish this the notch z' is made with a cutting-edge, is, at its rear end, which clears the path for the double row of teeth to enter, and the notch i tapers forward to a point, j, in the knife-edge g, of which it thus becomes a part. i

The length of this longer cutting-plate 0 may be varied at pleasure to conform to the size of the button or oval to be cut, the rule being that the distance from the bottom of the groove cl to the top of the teeth e 0 shall be half the width of the shape to be out. The length of the oval or button to be cut is practically independent of the length of the cutting-plate 0, and may be much greater than the width. The width of the cutting-plate 0 may bevaried at will, as also its thickness.

The shorter cutting-plate I) has upon its forward edge the side of the cutting-lip a, and upon its upper edge the single row of teeth h, which are prolonged down the side of the cutting-plate, and form the ridges n. These ridges serve to smooth the wood when shaping, and without them it would have a rough surface.

The exact shape of this cutting-plate, the size of the ridges, and the amount of curva- 8o ture given to the lip a are not necessarily like the drawings, but vary according to the particular work required of the tool.

It is desirable to have the cutting-plate project laterally over the side of the shank A, to allow the arbor in which the tool is fastened to approach nearer the wood to be cut and yet not interfere with the operation of the tool but this may be accomplished by cutting away the shank below the cutting-plate, as shown 0 in Fig. 1.

The cutting-plates b and c are not parallel, but slightly divergent, to prevent binding or tearing of the wood.

The operation of the tool in the formation of 5 ovals is as follows: The shank A is held by a rotating arbor upon a cutter-head which slides backward and forward in front of the wood to be out. In its forward motion the cutter-head brings the front edge of the tool in contact with the wood, which is in constant I rotation. The cutting-lip a first strikes the wood, and then the groove d, knife-edge g, and cutting-plates b a shape and smooth the edges of the oval to be cut. The saw-teeth h upon the plate I) make a cut in the wood, which be comes the line of separation between that oval and the next. The first oval having been shaped and smoothed, the tool is drawn back by the sliding cutter-head, and when again brought forward the wood has advanced enough to have the cutting-plate 0 enter the cut made by b and cut the oval completely off, which it does smoothly by means of the difl'erence in the size of the teeth 6 e, as hereinbefore explained. At the same time the cuttingplate b and ridges a cut and smooth a new line of separation, and the shaping and smoothing of the oval goes on as before, after which the tool is again drawn back. Thus each movement of the cutter-head forward cuts off one oval and forms the next.

This tool can be used equally well in turning shapes with scalloped edges or with outlines of many points, blocks, cresoents, &c., by varying the motion given to the Wood to be cut.

This motion may be sliding, rocking, intermittently rotating, or a plain up-and-down movement, the operation of the cutting-tool and its rotating arbor and cutter-head being substantially the same as in cutting ovals.

I claim-- 1. A turning-chisel constructed with ahead grooved longitudinally, as shown, and provided with two cutting-plates, b and c, of different lengths, the" top and front edges of which form saw-teeth and knife-edges, which join in a projecting cutting-lip, a, to make a continuous cuttin g-edge, substantially as hereinbefore described.

2. In aturning-chisel, the combination, with a suitable shank, A, of two cutting-plates of different lengths provided with knife-edges, a

double row of saw-teeth, e c, and a notch, 17,

formed on the top of the longer plate, and the ridges a, cut in the face of the shorter plate and terminating in the saw-teeth h, substantially as shown and described.

FREEMAN HANSON. Witnesses:

H. W. GAGE, F. S. STRoUT. 

